We all humans are different in many aspects like our looks and behavior but interestingly nature has made us all with the same components. All of us bleed red but every person's blood is of a different type with different characteristics. Fascinating right?
Okay! So today let us talk about blood grouping and how we can find out which type of blood is running in our body.
There are different types of blood that run in our bodies. Some of them are
- A positive (A+)
- A negative (A-)
- B positive (B+)
- B negative (B-)
- AB positive (AB+)
- AB negative (AB-)
- O positive (O+)
- O positive (O-)
What is the importance of blood grouping?
Important Points To Know About Some Special Types of Blood -
- Blood group AB+ is called universal recipient as it can recognize both antigens and can receive blood from everyone.
- Blood group O- is called a universal donor as it has no antigens at all.
What defines the group of blood that is running in a person's body?
The ABO blood grouping is defined by both the presence of A and B antigens.
- Blood group A has type A antigens (and type B antibodies)
- Blood group B has type B antigens (and type A antibodies)
- Blood group AB has type A as well as type B antigens (and no antibodies)
- Blood group O has no antigens at all (and both types of antibodies)
A further classification is possible based on the Rh (Rhesus) factor. Blood that lacks Rh antigens is Rh-negative, and the other kind is Rh-positive.
Accordingly, a plus or a minus sign is attached to the ABO classification, giving rise to these types: A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, and O-.
How to Determine which blood is of which type? (Experiment)
Step 1: Take a glass slide and mark three positions as A, B & D having some distance between them.
Step 2: Sterilize your little finger with the help of ethanol.
Step 3: Now with the help of a disposable needle prick the finger and allow the drop of blood to come outside the finger and place the three drops of blood respectively on the position marked as A, B & D.
Step 4: After placing three drops of blood in their position place one drop of antigen A (blue in color) in 1st drop, antigen B (yellow in color) in 2nd drop, and antigen D (colorless) in 3rd drop of blood.
Step 5: Once we have added all the antigens we will mix the antigen and blood sample with the help of an applicator and then check the results as follows.
Possible results that can be found with the experiment -
Agglutination (formation of clumps of cells) is seen in some of them.
- A+ Agglutination is seen in the blood sample containing antigens A and D
- B+ Agglutination is seen in the blood sample containing antigens B and D.
- AB+ Agglutination is seen in the blood sample containing antigens A, B, and D.
- O+ Agglutination is seen in the blood sample containing antigen D
- O- Agglutination is not seen.
These are some of the few possible results that can be found after doing this experiment. Similarly, different blood groups have different combinations of A, B, and D antigens. And this is how we can find which group of blood we are having in our bodies.
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